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Symphyonemopsis

Generic name: SYMPHYONEMOPSIS Tiwari et Mitra, 1969. Phykos 7: 193.
Synonyms:
Diagnosis:
Type species: Symphyonemopsis katriensis Tiwari et Mitra 1969
Descriptions:
Komárek (1992): Filamentous - thallous; thallus wooly, in cushion-like patches, blue-green or brownish, with irregularly, densely coiled, branched filaments. Filaments slightly diversified in thicker main filaments and thinner branches, not polarized. Trichomes in main filaments cylindrical, constricted at cross walls, usually with cells shorter than wide, rarely isodiametrical or longer than wide, with numerous true branchings of reverse V-type, occasionally with false branching, which starts usually
after disintegration of trichomes at heterocytes; trichomes in branches more or less cylindrical, with cells shorter (during intense division) or longer than wide, without constrictions at cross walls or with constrictions (regularly in segments from which hormocysts develop). Cells blue-green, with solitary prominent granules. Sheaths distinct, firm, hyaline, not lamellated, in hormocysts thick, dark brown, but also not lamellated. Heterocytes terminal ( in germinating hormocysts and after trichome disintegration) and intercalar, more or less spherical or shortly cylindrical, in branches cylindrical. Akinetes not found.
Genotype differences, molecular data:
Reproduction strategies, life cycles, cell division:
Komárek (1992): Cell division crosswise to the trichome length. Reproduction by (3-13-celled) hormocysts, which arise at the ends of branches, solitary or up to four in series; cells in hormocysts wider than in branches, constricted at cross walls; during the germination of hormocysts, the single heterocytes usually develop (both heteropolar or isopolar germlings arise).
Ultrastructure:
Taxonomic position, higher hierarchy:
Cyanophyceae, Nostocales, Symphyonemataceae
Notes to taxonomy, misinterpretations:
Ecology, ecophysiology, ecological significance:
Komárek (1992): The type species was described from the culture, isolated from paddy-field soil in India (Katni).
Physiology and biochemistry:
Distribution, endemism, problematic citations:
Reference strain:
Infrageneric scheme, species concept:

List of species:

Symphyonemopsis katriensis Tiwari et Mitra 1969

Unclear taxa:
Symphyonemopsis sp. (strain VAPOR1) in Hoffmann et al 2003

Keys:
List of stains:
Drawings:
Komárek 1992
Application technology:
Literature:

  2.1 taxonomy: Tiwari & Mitra 1969, Bourrelly 1970, Komárek 1992
  2.2 cytomorphology:
  2.3 16S rRNA sequencing:
  2.4 biology and life cycles:
  2.5 ecology: