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Symphyonema

Generic name: SYMPHYONEMA Jao, 1944. Sinensia 15: 81.
Synonyms:
Diagnosis:
Type species: Symphyonema sinense Jao 1944
Descriptions:
Komárek (1992): Filamentous – thallous; thallus pulvinate, woolly, up to 1.5 cm thick, greyish blue with many densely coiled or more or less parallely arranged filaments, some- times joined in erected fascicles. Filaments irregularly branched, not distinctly morphologically diversified in basal sections and branches. Trichomes uniseriate, probably isopolar, with cells rarely shorter or (usually) longer than wide, cylindrical, not constricted or slightly constricted at cross walls, not attenuated towards the ends, with rounded terminal cells. Branching of two types, true or reverse V-type, and false, scytonematoid; branching initiates always distant from heterocytes (reverse V-branching originates always from special oblong cells, located between two shortened cells, containing densely granular and deeply coloured content; later the oblong cell lengthwise divides and new cells elongate). Sheaths firm, limited, homogeneous or slightly lamellated, brownish in old parts. Cells blue-green, with slightly granular content. Heterocytes intercalar, more or less cylindrical, solitary. Akinetes not observed.
Genotype differences, molecular data:
Reproduction strategies, life cycles, cell division:
Komárek (1992): Cell division crosswise to the trichome length. Reproduction by hormogonia, separating from ends of branches.
Ultrastructure:
Taxonomic position, higher hierarchy:
Cyanophyceae, Stigonematales, Symphyonemataceae
Notes to taxonomy, misinterpretations:
Ecology, ecophysiology, ecological significance:
Komárek (1992): Aerophytic species, described from wet calcareous rocks in south China (Kwangsi).
Physiology and biochemistry:
Distribution, endemism, problematic citations:
Reference strain:
Infrageneric scheme, species concept:

List of species:

Symphyonema cavernicola Asencio, Aboal et Hoffmann 1996
Symphyonema sinense Jao 1944

Unclear taxa:
Symphyonema sp. strains 1269-1, 1517 in Gugger et Hoffmann 2003

Keys:
List of stains:
Drawings:
Komárek 1992
Application technology:
Literature:

  2.1 taxonomy: Jao 1944, Bourrelly 1970, Komárek 1992
  2.2 cytomorphology:
  2.3 16S rRNA sequencing:
  2.4 biology and life cycles:
  2.5 ecology: