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Solentia

Generic name: SOLENTIA Ercegović, 1927. Acta Bot. Inst. Bot. Univ. Zagreb. 2: 79.
Synonyms:
Diagnosis:
Type species: Solentia stratosa Ercegović 1927
Descriptions:
Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998): Thallus composed of epilithic (mainly petrified), and endolithic, coiled and/or, curred pseudofliaments with apical and/or intercalary growth. Epilithic part
(if developed) spreads over the surface of limestone substrates and is composed of simple, short uniseriate or multiseriate rows of spherical or slightly elongate, irregularly disposed cells, intensely calcified; endolithic pseudofliaments are common, long, enclosed within widened mucilaginous stalks, within which is a uniseriate row of solitary, usually elongate cells, which are distinctly distant one from another; at the ends of pseudofliaments one enlarged, oval, obovoid, club- shaped or irregular terminal cell is developed; cells within pseudofliaments are distant from one another, separated by a transversely layered mucilage. All pseudofliaments are enveloped by wide, lamellate, gelatinous sheath, sometimes icoloured, pseudodichotomously or laterally and repeatedly divaricate («branched»), sometimes widened at the apex (the cells are sometimes wider in the apical parts of branches than near their bases); lateral branches develop after the lengthwise division of apical cells (or cells in their apical parts) in endolithic pseudofilaments and grow perpendicularly or obliquely to the stony surface. Cells are of irregular shape, more or less spherical or elongate, with more or less homogeneous, pale blue-green content.
Komárek (1992): Unicellular - colonial; thallus composed from epilithic and endolithic pseudofilaments. Epilithic part spread over the surface of limestone substrate, composed from simple and short uniseriate or multiseriate rows of spherical or slightly elongated, irregularly disposed cells; endolithic pseudofilaments are common,long, mucilaginous stalks, at the ends of which is situated one enlarged, oval, obovoid, club-shaped
or irregular end cell, rarely uniseriate with a row of solitary cells, distant one from another, separated by a crosswise layered mucilage; all pseudofilaments are enveloped by wide, lamellated, gelatinous sheath, sometimes coloured,
pseudodichotomously or laterally divaricated ("branched"); lateral branches develop after the division of apical cells in endolithic pseudofilaments. Cells of irregular shape, more or less spherical up to elongated, with more
or less homogeneous, pale blue-green content.
Geitler (1932; sub Hormathonema): Lager epilithisch, weit ausgebreitet, von unbestimmter Gestalt, aus aufrechten, freien, niemals erwachsenen „Fäden" bestehend, welche gegen die Basis zu verjüngt und aus einer Reihe von Zellen gebildet sind; zwischen den Zellen große Stücke von Membranhüllen, welche einseitig von den Zellen gebildet werden: Membranhüllen dick, geschichtet. „Verzweigungen" entstehen dadurch, daß interkalare Zellen, anscheinend infolge von Druck der umgebenden Membranteile, seitlich herausgepreßt werden und
von neuem zu wachsen beginnen. Fortpflanzung durch Freiwerden einzelner apikaler Protoplasten und Austreten aus der Membranhülle (Gonidien).
Genotype differences, molecular
data:
Reproduction strategies, life cycles, cell division:
Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998): Cell division in various planes, apical or subapical (rarely lateral or basal) cells (endolithic, near the surface of rocks and stones) sometimes divide into several to numerous baeocytes. Reproduction by baeocytes and small clusters of cells enveloped by mucilage (?).
Komárek (1992): Cell division in different planes, apical cells sometimes divide into nanocytes. Reproduction by nanocytes and small clusters of cells enveloped by mucilage.
Ultrastructure:
Taxonomic position, higher hierarchy:
Cyanophyceae, Chroococcales, Hyellaceae, Solentioideae
Notes to taxonomy, misinterpretations:
Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998): According to the revision of LeCampion-Alsumard & al.(1996), the genus Solentia is euendolithic, characterized by the mainly endolithic, wide gelatinous stalks, in which the few cells are situated at the ends or sparsely along the stalk, distant one far from another. Reproduction by baeocyte formation.
Ecology, ecophysiology, ecological significance:
Komárek (1992): Marine. On limestone shores in tide and surf zones. Described from the Mediterranean Sea (Dalmatia, Yugoslavia), but more distributed.
Physiology and biochemistry:
Distribution, endemism, problematic citations:
Reference strain:
Infrageneric scheme, species concept:
List of species:
Solentia achromatica Ercegović 1932
Solentia foveolarum Ercegović 1930
Solentia intricata Ercegović 1927
Solentia paulocellulare (Ercegović) LeCampion-Alsumard et Golubić 1985
Solentia sanguinea Golubić 1996
Solentia stratosa Ercegović 1927

Unclear taxa:
Solentia sinica Chu et Wu 1984
Solentia xishaensis Chu et Wu 1984

Keys:
List of stains:
Drawings:
Komárek 1992
Application technology:
Literature:

  2.1 taxonomy: Ercegović 1927, Ercegović 1929, Ercegović 1930, Ercegović 1932, Geitler 1932, Geitler 1942, Le Campion-Alsumard & Golubić 1985, Pantazidou 1991, Komárek 1992, LeCampion-Alsumard, Golubic & Pantazidou 1996, Komárek & Anagnostidis 1998
  2.2 cytomorphology:
  2.3 16S rRNA sequencing:
  2.4 biology and life cycles:
  2.5 ecology: