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Porphyrosiphon

Generic name: PORPHYROSIPHON Kützing ex Gomont, 1892. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., ser. 7, 15: 331.
Synonyms: [PORPHYROSIPHON Kützing, Tabulae phycolog., II, p. 7, tab. 27, fig. I, 1850 - 1852 ex Gomont, 1892: Scytonema, Lyngbya spec.]
Diagnosis:
Gomont (1892): Fila simplicia. Vaginae purpurae aut persicinae. Trichomata intra vaginam solitaria; cellula apicalis haud capitata.
Type species: Porphyrosiphon notarisii Kutzing ex Gomont, 1892. - 18-20 species.
Descriptions:
Komárek (1992): Filamentous; filaments unbranched, usually slightly coiled, solitary or in microscopic up to macroscopic clusters or compact mats, always with sheaths (only escaped hormogonia and germinating hormogonia without sheaths). Sheaths firm, thick, later always layered, tube-like, joined to the trichomes or slightly distant from them, colourless or coloured with yellow-brown or reddish sheath-pigments (intensity of 'colouration' is dependent on the environmental conditions, type of colouration is species-specific), open at the apex, containing one, very rarely two parallel trichomes; sheaths are often characteristically widened and coiled after hormogonia release. Trichomes isopolar ,6-20 um wide, cylindrical, with or without constrictions at the cross walls, immotile (hormogonia motile ?). Cells isodiametrical or slightly longer or shorter than wide, without aerotopes, sometimes with granular content or several prominent granules; end cells widely rounded, sometimes with thickened outer cell wall. Heterocytes and akinetes absent.
Genotype differences, molecular data:
Reproduction strategies, life cycles, cell division:
Komárek (1992): Cell division crosswise, perpendicularly to the long axis of a trichome, daughter cells grow +/- up to the original size before the next division. All cells capable of division with the exception of apical ones (meristematic zones ?). Reproduction by variously long hormogonia (motile ?) which separate from trichomes by help of necridic cells.
Ultrastructure:
Taxonomic position, higher hierarchy: Cyanophyceae,
Oscillatoriales, Phormidiaceae, Phormidioideae
Notes to taxonomy, misinterpretations:
Ecology, ecophysiology, ecological significance:
Komárek (1992): Mainly aerophytic and subaerophytic algae occurring on wet rocks (often in mountains), rarely on barks of trees, on the mud and in soil. Few species are described from marine littoral, several are known from periphyton in clear submerse localities.
Physiology and biochemistry:
Distribution, endemism, problematic citations:
Reference strain:
Infrageneric scheme, species concept:

List of species:
Porphyrosiphon aureo-fulvus (W. et G.S. West) Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988
Porphyrosiphon calciferus (Brühl et Biswas) Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988
Porphyrosiphon ceylanicus (Wille) Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988
Porphyrosiphon dendrobius (Brühl et Biswas) Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988
Porphyrosiphon fuscus Gomont ex Frémy 1927
Porphyrosiphon kaernbachii (Hennings) De Toni 1892
Porphyrosiphon kashyapii (Ghose) Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988
Porphyrosiphon lomniczensis (Kol) Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988
Porphyrosiphon luteus (Gomont ex Gomont) Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988
Porphyrosiphon notarisii Kützing ex Gomont 1892. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., ser. 7, 15: 331
Porphyrosiphon robustus Gardner 1927
Porphyrosiphon samoensis (Wille) Drouet 1937
Porphyrosiphon shackletonii (W. et G.S. West) Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988
Porphyrosiphon velasquesii Drouet 1942
Porphyrosiphon versicolor (Gomont) Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988 

Unclear taxa:
Lyngbya aestuarii var. constricta Ghose 1926
Lyngbya corbierei Frémy sensu Rao 1938
Lyngbya cryptovaginata var. major Prasad et al. 1978
Lyngbya skujae Desikachary 1959
Lyngbya lucknowensis Prasad et al. 1978
Lyngbya martensiana var. mendenhalliana Kol 1942
Lyngbya martensiana var. minor Gardner 1927
Lyngbya truncicola var. burmense Ghose 1926
Phormidium toficola (Nägeli) gomont 1890
Porphyrosiphon corbierei (Frémy) Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988
Porphyrosiphon notarisii var. canus Baker et Bold 1970
Porphyrosiphon notarisii var. major Gardner 1927
Porphyrosiphon notarisii var. minor Li 1989
Schizothrix arnottii Frémy 1923

Keys:
List of stains:
Drawings:
Application technology:
Literature:
  2.1 taxonomy: Geitler 1932, Anagnostidis & Komárek 1988, Komárek 1992
  2.2 cytomorphology:
  2.3 16S rRNA sequencing:
  2.4 biology and life cycles:
  2.5 ecology: