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Gloeothece

Generic name: GLOEOTHECE Nägeli, 1849. Neue Denkschr. Allg. Schweiz. Ges. Gesammten Naturwiss.10(7): 57.
Synonyms:
Diagnosis:
Type species: Gloeothece linearis Nägeli 1849
Descriptions:
Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998): Colonies usually small, composed of sheathed cells or groups of cells (2-, 4- or more-celled); cells obligatorily enclosed within their own gelatinous envelopes and sometimes surrounded by common mucilage, usually in and irregularly distributed in large agglomerations (micro- to macroscopic mucilaginous or «granular" thallus). Cells and groups of cells enclosed in hyaline or concentrically lamellate, colourless or intensely bluish, violet or yellow-brown envelopes, delimited at the margin. Cells widely oval to rod-shaped, rounded at the ends, pale blue-green, blue-green, olive-green or violet.
Komárek (1992): Unicellular - colonial; colonies (groups of cells) microscopic or forming multicellular agglomerations of small colonies, up to macroscopic, gelatinous, granular or in amorph layers; cells or their groups enveloped always by own mucilaginous, usually concentrically lamellated, limited envelopes, which copy the cell form. The mucilage layers are developed by the periodical production of slime from cells; mucilage colourless, yellow-brownish, bluish or dark blue, rarely reddish; cells situated in colonies irregularly, more or less distant one from another. Cells widely oval, oval or rod-like, pale greyish blue, blue-green or olive green, usually with slightly granular content or with several prominent granules.
Geitler (1932): Zellen ellipsoidisch bis zylindrisch, gerade oder gebogen, an den Enden nicht verjüngt oder zugespitzt, sondern breit abgerundet, in kleinen Kolonien oder großen Lagern. Teilung senkrecht auf die Längsachse, Verteilung der Tochterzellen nach drei Raumrichtungen. Hüllen- und Koloniebau in den typischen Fällen nach Art von Gloeocapsa: Hüllen blasig, ineinandergeschachtelt, geschichtet oder ungeschichtet; manchmal die äußeren Hüllen verquellend, die Zellen dann nur von Spezialhüllen umgeben und in gemeinsamer Gallerte eingebettet. Hüllen farblos oder gelb bis braun, blau bis violett (oder rot ?) gefärbt. Nannocytenbildung in typischer Weise (unter starker Verkleinerung der Zellen) anscheinend selten, oft aber angedeutet durch schnellen Teilungsablauf, wodurch mehrere kurze bis fast kugelige Zellen ohne Spezialhüllen in einer gemeinsamen Hülle zu liegen kommen. Dauerzellen unbekannt.
Genotype differences, molecular data:
Reproduction strategies, life cycles, cell division:
Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998): Cell division transverse to the longitudinal axis, in one plane in succesive generations; cells grow in the original size and shape before next division; they produce their own envelopes just after division. Reproduction by disintegration of colonial aggregates and (in several species) by the liberation of cells after gelatinization of envelopes. Nanocyte production recorded in a few species.
Komárek (1992): Cell division (binary fission) crosswise, perpendicularly to the long axis of elongated cells in successive generations; the daughter cells separate soon one from another and produce immediately their own mucilaginous envelopes; cells grow into the original size and shape before the next division, but also the production of nanocytes was sporadically observed. Reproduction by the disintegration of colonies.
Ultrastructure:
Taxonomic position, higher hierarchy:
Cyanophyceae, Chroococcales, Synechococcaceae, Aphanothecoideae
Notes to taxonomy, misinterpretations:
Ecology, ecophysiology, ecological
significance:
Komárek (1992): Majority of species is known from aerophytic localities, mainly from wet rocks in mountains, allover the world. Few species grow in metaphyton of clear small water bodies with plenty of detritus and water plants, one species was described from plankton of Scandinavian lakes.
Physiology and biochemistry:
Distribution, endemism, problematic citations:
Reference strain:
Infrageneric scheme, species concept:

List of species:
Gloeothece abiskoensis (Skuja) Komárek et Anagnostidis 1995
Gloeothece aggregata Komárek et Komárková-Legnerová 2006
Gloeothece baileyana Schmidle 1896
Gloeothece confluens Nägeli 1849
Gloeothece cyanochroa Komárek 1995
Gloeothece dubia (Wartmann) Geitler 1932
Gloeothece endochromatica Gardner 1927
Gloeothece filiformis Sant' Anna et al 1991
Gloeothece fusco-lutea Nägeli 1849
Gloeothece incerta Skuja 1964
Gloeothece interspersa Gardner 1927
Gloeothece kriegeri Frémy 1932
Gloeothece linearis Nägeli 1849
Gloeothece membranacea (Rabenhorst) Bronet 1892
Gloeothece neocaledoniense Couté, Tell et Thérézien 1999. Cryptogamie, Algol. 20(4): 312
Gloeothece opalothecata Gardner 1927
Gloeothece palea (Kützing) Rabenhorst 1865
Gloeothece parvula Gardner 1927
Gloeothece prototypa Gardner 1927
Gloeothece rhodochlamys Skuja 1949
Gloeothece rupestris (Lybgbye) Bornet in Wittrock et Nordstedt 1880
Gloeothece samoensis Wille 1913
Gloeothece subtilis Skuja 1964
Gloeothece tepidariorum (A. Braun) Lagerheim 1883
Gloeothece tophacea Skuja 1937
Gloeothece ustulata Beck-Mannagetta 1929
Gloeothece vibrio N. Carter 1922
Gloeothece violacea Rabenhorst 1865

Keys:
List of stains:
Drawings:

Komárek 1992

Application technology:
Literature:

  2.1 taxonomy: Geitler 1932, Skuja 1937, Hollerbach in Elenkin 1938, Geitler 1942, Skuja 1949, Desikachary 1959, Starmach 1966, Rippka et al. 1979, Rippka & Waterbury 1989, Komárek 1992, Komárek & Anagnostidis 1998
  2.2 cytomorphology:
  2.3 16S rRNA sequencing:
  2.4 biology and life cycles:
  2.5 ecology: