Eucapsis
| Generic name: EUCAPSIS Clements et Shantz, 1909. Minn. Bot. Stud. 4: 134. | ||||||||||
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| Type species: Eucapsis alpina Clements et Shantz 1909. | ||||||||||
| Descriptions: Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998): Colonies free-living, usually in metaphyton or rarely on soil, cubic, with cells, arranged three-dimensionally in perpendicular rows; sometimes large colonies composed of sub- colonies; colonies small, few-celled or ,multicellular with up to more than 128 cells; rows mold colonies sometimes a little disturbed. Mucilage colourless, hyaline, delimited, rarely diffluent (sometimes almost invisible); special gelatinous envelopes around cells are absent or indistinct, facultative. Cells spherical or widely oval before division. Komárek (1992): Unicellular - colonial; colonies microscopic, more or less cubic (three-dimensional) up to irregular, mucilaginous, sometimes agglomerated in groups of colonies, free living in metaphyton or in soil, enveloped by colourless, usually diffluent or limited mucilage; cells are arranged into perpendicular rows, later sometimes slightly irregular. Cells spherical or slightly elongated (before division), situated tightly or more or less distant one from another, without aerotopes, pale greyish blue-green or bright blue-green, mainly with slightly granular content. Mucilaginous envelopes unstructured or slightly concentrically lamellated, keeping more or less the cubic form of a colony. The facultative motility of cells in cultures was described in the "High GC-cluster of Synechocystis" (Waterbury 1989) belonging probably to this genus. Geitler (1932): Zellen kugelig, durch regelmäßig abwechselnde Teilungen nach drei Raumrichtungen in geraden Reihen angeordnet und zu Würfeln oder Quadern vereinigt, manchmal in Vierergruppen, meist ohne deutliche Spezialhüllen, in gemeinsamer Gallerte. Kolonien freischwimmend. |
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| Genotype differences, molecular data: |
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| Reproduction strategies, life cycles, cell division: Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998): Cells divide regularly in three perpendicular planes in successive generations without displacement of daughter cells (this type of division causes development of regular cubic colonies); cells grow into the original spherical form before next division. Reproduction by colony disintegration. Komárek (1992):Division of cells regularly in three directionsin succeeding generations, perpendicularly to each other. Cells grow into the original size and shape before next division. Reproduction by the disintegration of a colony. |
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| Ultrastructure: | ||||||||||
| Taxonomic position, higher hierarchy: Cyanophyceae, Chroococcales, Microcystaceae Notes to taxonomy, misinterpretations: |
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| Ecology, ecophysiology, ecological significance: Komárek (1992):The majority of species (5) is known from acidic and cold (stenotherm) swamps, peaty pools, raised bogs and clear lakes (mainly in temperate up to subpolar zones), inclusive the type species E. alpina ; one species is described from volcanic soils, one from slightly alkalic waters (swamps with water plants, channels, lakes, pools) of tropical and warmer areas of the temperate zone, two species are halophilic |
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| Physiology and biochemistry: |
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| Distribution, endemism, problematic citations: |
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| Infrageneric scheme, species concept: |
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| List of species: Eucapsis alpina Clements et Shantz 1909 Eucapsis carpatica Komárek et Hindák 1988 Eucapsis densa Azevedo et al. 2003 Eucapsis himalayensis M. Watanabe et Komárek 1994 Eucapsis minor (Skuja) Elenkin 1933 Eucapsis minuta Fritsch 1912 Eucapsis parallelepipedon (Schmidle) Komárek et hindák 1989 Eucapsis starmachii Komárek et Hindák 1989 Eucapsis terrestris Akiyama 1965 Unclear taxa: |
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Drawings: Komárek (1992): |
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Literature:
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