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Cyanostylon

Generic name: CYANOSTYLON Geitler, 1928. Arch. Protistenk. 60: 441
Synonyms: SPILOCAPSA Ley, 1947. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sinica 1: 77.
Diagnosis:
Type species: Cyanostylon microcystoides Geitler 1928
Descriptions:
Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998):Colonies microscopic to macroscopic, mucilaginous, irregular, attached to the substrate or free living, composed of several irregularly or more or less radially arranged, thick and wavy gelatinous strands, which sometimes change into an amorphous mass, particularly in basal parts of a colony; cells are placed solitary or in small groups in terminal parts of strands, very rarely In short, few-celled rows. Gelatinous strands colourless, sometimes indistinctly or distinctly transversely lamellated. Cells spherical, after division hemispherical.
Komárek (1992): Unicellular - colonial; colonies gelatinous, microscopic, composed from thick, mucilaginous, colourless, more or less radially oriented and irregularly curved stalks, usually crosswise lamellated (result of one-sided production of slime from cells), at the basis confluent; stalks sometimes pseudodichotomously branched; colonies loosely joined to the substrate or free living in metaphyton or in plankton (one species). Cells disposed at the ends of stalks, enveloped their own diffluent envelopes solitary, in pairs or in irregular groups, spherical or hemispherical, rarely of irregular shape; cell content pale blue-green, olive-green or bright blue-green, usually slightly granular.
Geitler (1932): Gallertkolonien, welche aus mehr oder weniger deutlich radiär gestellten, aber unregelmäßig gekrümmten Gallertfäden zusammengesetzt sind. Zellen meist nur an den Enden, einzeln oder zu wenigen, seltener Reihen bildend, kugelig, nach der Teilung gegeneinander abgeplattet. Die Gallertfäden entstehen durch einseitige, gleichsinnige Membranbildung und Vergallertung der Membransubstanz, zeigen dementsprechend eine transversale Schichtung. Teilung der Zellen nach drei Raumrichtungen.
Genotype differences, molecular data:
Reproduction strategies, life cycles, cell division:
Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998): Cell division in two or more planes in successive generations, perpendicular to one another, later irregularly (successive binary fission); reproduction by solitary cells and by disintegration of colonies.
Komárek (1992):Cell division firstly in two directions by binary fission from which increase the Chroococcus-like group of cells, later also irregularly in more planes. Reproduction by the disitegration of colonies.
Ultrastructure:
Taxonomic position, higher hierarchy:
Cyanophyceae, Chroococcales, Chroococcaceae
Notes to taxonomy, misinterpretations:
Ecology, ecophysiology, ecological significance:
Komárek (1992):The type species is described from the littoral of clear alpine lakes in the central Europe, two species are known from similar biotopes in China; one from Scandinavia, one species was described from plankton of the lake Volvi, Greece.
Physiology and biochemistry:
Distribution, endemism, problematic citations:
Reference strain:
Infrageneric scheme, species concept:
List of species:
Cyanostylon alpina H.X. Xiao et Y.M. Sheng 2000. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 38(6): 573
Cyanostylon gelatinosus Azevedo et Sant' Anna 1994
Cyanostylon giganteum Liang 1987
Cyanostylon jianensis J. Xiu et H.X. Xiao 2004. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research 22(3): 205
Cyanostylon microcystoides Geitler 1928
Cyanostylon ovoideum Skuja 1964
Cyanostylon placticum Hindák 1988
Cyanostylon purpureum Chu et Chen 1985
Cyanostylon rupestris L.H. Lü et H.X. Xiao 2006. Bulletin of Botanical Research 26(4): --
Cyanostylon sinense Chu 1952
Cyanostylon sinicum (Ley) Bourrelly 1970

Unclear taxa:
Stilocapsa fujianica Liang 1983

Keys:
List of stains:
Drawings:
Komárek 1992
Application technology:
Literature:

  2.1 taxonomy: Geitler 1928, Geitler 1932, Geitler 1942, Skuja 1964, Hindák 1988, Komárek 1992, Komárek
& Anagnostidis 1998
  2.2 cytomorphology:
  2.3 16S rRNA sequencing:
  2.4 biology and life cycles:
  2.5 ecology: