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Chroogloeocystis

Generic name: CHROOGLOEOCYSTIS Brown, Mummey et Cooksey, 2005. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 52: 310-310
Synonyms:
Diagnosis:

Etymology:
Brown et al. (2005): The root "cystis" (from Greek "kystis" - bladder or bag) was incorporated into generic name of isolate 5.2 s.c.l. ... In accordance with this observation, the root "Chroo" (from Greek Chroo - skin) was incorporated into the generic name of isolate 5.2 s.c.l. ... Thus, the
Greek root "Gloe" (sticky) was incorporated into the generic name of this isolate - "Chroogloeocystis".

Type species: Chroogloeocystis siderophila Brown, Mummey et Cooksey, 2005
Descriptions:
Brown et al. (2005): p. 307: Unicellular cyanobacterium with bladder-like cells typically packed as duplexes, or in extracellular polymeric substance covered clumps and small chains without the ability to produce baeocystes. No growth without added combined nitrogen occurred. While requiring
relatively large amounts of iron for growth (>40 uM), the isolate was shown to facilitate removal of iron from culture media.; p. 310-311: The isolate is a unicellular cyanobacterium with cells typically packed as duplexes, or in clumps or small chains (Figs. 3 and 4), covered with extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Cells exhibit oval shape (average longitudinal diameter of 4 ± 0.77 μm, and average transverse diameter of 3.3 ± 0.64 μm; n = 10). Micrographs (Figs. 3-5) indicate a bladder-like shape, similar to that of Synechocystis PCC 6803 cells. Although the morphology of 5.2 s.c.l cells is reminiscent of the Synechocystis genus, a salient difference is that isolate 5.2 s.c.l has a EPS cover, visible on SEM and TEM micrographs as a 0.3-0.4 μm skin-like envelope. ... EPS envelope of single 5.2 s.c.l cells may reach; ~1 μm, suggesting its importance to adhesion of 5.2 s.c.l cells to surfaces. ... This finding, as well as its pronounced capacity to
form biofilms on culture flask walls (data not shown), suggests that isolate 5.2 s.c.l is a sessile organism.
Genotype differences, molecular data:
Brown2005 Brown et al. (2005)
Reproduction strategies, life cycles, cell division:
Brown et al. (2005): Light, TEM and SEM micrographs indicate that isolate 5.2 s.c.l reproduces by binary fission in either one or two successive planes at right angles. ... Isolate 5.2 s.c.l does not exhibit extensive vegetative binary fission following generation of baeocytes, a trait
characteristic of the genus Chroococcidiopsis [31]. Additionally, isolate 5.2.s.c.l is quite morphologically distinct from filamentous Microcoleus.
Ultrastructure:
Brown et al. (2005): Electron microscopy of 5.2 s.c.l sections revealed that thylakoids were arranged concentrically along the inside of cytoplasmic membranes (Fig. 5(c)). Polyhedral bodies (carboxysomes) and lipid inclusions are apparent in Fig. 5(c). Unlike filamentous cyanobacteria of Section III [30], no junctional pores were observed between dividing cells.
Taxonomic position, higher hierarchy:
Ecology, ecophysiology, ecological significance:
Brown et al. (2005): Yellowstone thermal waters (about 50 centigrades) with high iron content, pH >7
Physiology and biochemistry:
Brown et al. (2005): No growth without added combined nitrogen occurred, suggesting that 5.2 s.c.l isolate is unable to fix atmospheric nitrogen, thus providing a physiological distinction between isolate 5.2 s.c.l and the genus Nostocales.
Distribution, endemism, problematic
citations:
Reference strain:
Infrageneric scheme, species concept:
List of species:
Brown et al. (2005): 5.2 s.c.l. (type strain)
Keys:
List of stains:
Drawings and images:
Brown 2005 Fig1 Brown 2005 Fig. 2 Brown 2005 Fig5 Brown 2005 Fig7 Brown et al. (2005)
Application technology:
Literature:

  2.1 taxonomy: Brown, Mummey & Cooksey, 2005
  2.2 cytomorphology:
  2.3 16S rRNA sequencing:
  2.4 biology and life cycles:
  2.5 ecology: