Chlorogloea
| Generic name: CHLOROGLOEA Wille, 1900. Nytt. Mag. Naturvidensk. 38: 5. | ||||||||||
| Synonyms: VANHOEFFENIA Wille, 1928. Dtsch. Südpolar-Exp. 1901-03, 8: 422. | ||||||||||
| Diagnosis: | ||||||||||
| Type species: Chlorogloea tuberculosa(Hansgirg) Wille 1900. | ||||||||||
| Description: Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998): Colonies mucilaginous, multicellular, in outline more or less spherical, hemispherical, flattened or granular irregular with rough surface, often composed of subcolonies, micro-, later usually macroscopic, attached to the substrate (plants, stones) or free-living, epipelic or metaphytic, sometimes forming a large gelatinous mass composed of single microcolonies. Cells irregularly arranged in common mucilage, but sometimes forming (particularly in marginal parts) short, irregular rows of cells, usually radially oriented; the rows are sometimes oriented perpendicularly to the substrate. Cells spherical or oval, in old colonies sometimes rounded polygonal, without or with indistinct and diffluent, rarely distinct, delimited and firm individual mucilaginous envelopes, with blue-green, greyish, pale olive-green, yellowish or reddish, finely granular content. Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998)[sub Lithocapsa]: Colonies mucilaginous, microscopic, composed of distinct, parallely arranged and fasciculate rows of cells which are slightly distant from one another, situated within individual gelatinous, sometimes slightly lamellate, colourless envelopes, solitary or joined together and thus forming gelatinous «fascicles», which are sometimes attached by one end to the substrate; the mucilaginous envelopes surrounding cells are confluent laterally, but rows («mucilaginous fascicles») are not enveloped by any common sheath or mucilage (rows of cells or their «fascicles» are located more or less separately). Cells spherical or subspherical, after division hemispherical, probably with homogeneous content. Komárek (1992): Unicellular - colonial; colonies irregular, gelatinous, in outline more or less spherical, hemispherical or flat and grumose, micro- up to macroscopic, attached to the substrate or free living, epipelic or in metaphyton, sometimes form gelatinous masses composed from single microcolonies. Cells are arranged in common mucilage of colonies usually in rows (sometimes indistinct), sometimes radially or paral1ely oriented, usually without their own envelopes. Cells more or less spherical, ellispoidal or irregular, with blue-green, greyish, pale olive-green, yellowish or reddish, finely granular content. Komárek (1992)[sub Lithocapsa]: Unicellular - colonial; gelatinous colonies microscopic, composed from parallely disposed and fasciculated rows of cells, which are within colony enveloped by wide, slightly lamellated, colourless gelatinous envelopes and distant one from another; envelopes around cells confluent by their sides together, but common mucilage around the colony is missing. Cells more or less spherical, after division hemispherical, probably with homogeneous content. Geitler (1932): Zellen kugelig oder ellipsoidisch, meisy ohne deutliche Spezialhüllen, in gemeinsamer Gallerte zu afrechten oder radiären, meist undeutlichen Reihen angeordnet, zu mehr oder weniger halbkugeligen oder flachen und höckerigen, unregelmäßigen, festsitzenden Lagern vereinigt, welche manchmal aus Teilkolonien zusammengesetzt sein können. Zellteilungen nach drei Raumrichtungen, aber meist mit Betonung einer bestimmten Raumrichtung. Nannocyten bei einer Art bekannt. Geitler (1932)[sub Lithocapsa]: Kolonien aus parallelen Zellreihen nach drei Raumrichtungen gebildet und aus bis 130 u langen, bis 95 p breiten Bündeln zusammengesetzt, ohne gemeinsame Gallerthülle. Zellen kugelig oder ellipsoidisch, nach der Teilung oft halbkugelig. |
||||||||||
| Genotype differences, molecular data: | ||||||||||
| Reproduction strategies, life cycles, cell division: Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998):Cell division in three perpendicular planes (less frequently irregularly), but occasionally repeatedly in one plane (origin of rows); cells more or less attain the original size (not always the original shape) before the next division. Nanocytes described in one species (C. microcystoides), but they arise from the successive division of cells without remaining in a common sheath (revision !). Reproduction by solitary cells or groups of cells, resulting from the fragmentation of colonies into several-celled mucilaginous clusters. Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998)[sub Lithocapsa]: Cell division by binary fission in one or several (?) planes (sometimes probably in different directions in successive generations, but with one plane of division predominating). Reproduction not described, probably by clusters of cells enveloped by gelatinous sheaths. Little known genus, still of uncertain taxonomic status. Komárek (1992): Cells divide in three or more planes in successive generations and grow more or less into the original size (not shape) before the next division. There were described also planocyte and nanocyte formations (relation to the family Xenococcaceae ?). Reproduction usually by the fragmentation of colonies into several-celled mucilaginous clusters Komárek (1992)[sub Lithocapsa]: Cell division probably in more directions, but with prevailing one plane of division in successive generations. Reproduction not described, probably by clusters of cells. |
||||||||||
| Ultrastructure: | ||||||||||
| Taxonomic position, higher hierarchy: Cyanophyceae, Chroococcales, Entophysalidaceae, Entophysalidoideae Notes to taxonomy, misinterpretations: |
||||||||||
| Ecology, ecophysiology, ecological significance: Komárek (1992): Type species and two further species are known from sea littorals (epiphytic or epilithic), two species from hypersalinic lakes in central-asiatic USSR and in deserts of Egypt. Majority of species described from freshwater biotopes, usually from littoral and benthos of lakes and mountain creeks. One species is aerophytic (growing on limestone-rocks; in caves and shaded places). Two species are known only from tropics, two species only from Antarctica. Komárek (1992)[sub Lithocapsa]: Epilithic on limnestone rocks, described from Croatia (Yugoslavia), but not yet confirmed. Little known genus, the relation to Chlorogloea is particularly unclear. |
||||||||||
| Physiology and biochemistry: |
||||||||||
| Distribution, endemism, problematic citations: |
||||||||||
| Reference strain: |
||||||||||
| Infrageneric scheme, species concept: |
||||||||||
| List of species: Chlorogloea aphanocapsoides Geitler in Geitler et Ruttner 1935 Chlorogloea cauhtemocii Komárek et Montejano 1994 Chlorgloea endophytica Howe 1914 Chlorogloea epiphytica Komárek et Montejano 1994 Chlorogloea fasciculata (Ercegović) Bourrelly 1970 [syn. Lithocapsa fasciculata Ercegović 1925] Chlorogloea gentilis Skuja 1964 Chlorogloea gessneri Schiller 1956 Chlorogloea lithogenes Komárek et Montejano 1994 Chlorogloea major Geitler 1933 Chlorogloea microcystoides Geitler 1925 Chlorogloea minutissima (Geitler) Komárek et Anagnostidis 1995 Chlorogloea novacekii Komárek et Montejano 1994 Chlorogloea pharaonis Komárek et Montejano 1994 Chlorogloea purpurea Geitler 1928 Chlorogloea regularis Setchell et Gardner 1924 Chlorogloea rivularis (Hansgirg) Komárek et Anagnostidis 1995 Chlorogloea simplex M. Watanabe et Komárek 1994 Chlorogloea sinansis Chu 1952 Chlorogloea tuberculosa (Hansgirg) Wille 1900 Unclear taxa: |
||||||||||
| Keys: | ||||||||||
| List of stains: | ||||||||||
Drawings: Komárek (1992) |
||||||||||
| Application technology: | ||||||||||
Literature:
|
Back to list of valid genera