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Bacularia

Generic
name: BACULARIA Borzì, 1905. Nuova Notarisia 16: 21.
Synonyms:
 BACILLOSIPHON Copeland,
1936. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 36: 66.
Diagnosis:
Type
species: Bacularia
coerulescens Borzi, 1905. - Five
not well known species.
Description:
Komárek (2003): Cylindrical cells are arranged more or less in parallel (lengthwise, in one direction) in narrow, filamentous or tubular, elongated mucilaginous colonies, tapering and pointed or open at both ends. Cells are slightly distant, but not in rows or in pseudofilaments. The mucilage is fine, homogeneous, colorless, and usually distinctly delimited at the margin. Cells are always cylindrical, straight, with rounded ends, solitary or in pairs after division, pale blue-green, (2.2)3-15(20) X 0.5-3 μm. Cells divide perpendicularly to the long cell axis in two, more or less isomorphic daughter cells.
Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998):Colonies mucilaginous, elongate, in the form of tubular sheaths, more or less tapering and (sometimes) pointed (rarely rounded) or open at both ends; slime homogeneous, fine, colourless, enveloping numerous, more or less lengthwise and parallely to the longitudinal axis (axial core) oriented cells, but without regular arrangement (not in rows or in pseudofilaments); cells slightly distant from one another, only after division two together for a short time. Colonies sometimes joined into an amorphous, clathrate thallus. Cells cylindrical, rod- shaped, with rounded ends.
Komárek (1992):Unicellular - colonial; colonies many-celled, microscopic, composed from mucilaginous tubular microcolonies, usually tapering to one or to both ends; microcolonies consist of a gelatinous, limited sheath and a central (axial) row of numerous, rod-shaped cells without regular arrangement, but all oriented more or less in the direction of a filamentous microcolony. Sheaths colour1ess, usually homogeneous, not lamellated or slightly lamellated. Cells cylindrical or elongated ellipsoidal, without own mucilaginous envelopes, single or in pairs after division, more or less parallely arranged and shifted with the length of the tubular microcolony, not forming pseudofilamentous cell rows or regular chains of cells. Cell content homogeneous or slightly granular, pale blue-green, olive green or bright blue- green.
Geitler (1935): Zellen lang zylindrisch, gerade, in farbloser, homogener Gallerte lose gelagert, einen zylindrischen, weit ausgebreiteten, mehr oder weniger zerrissenen Thallus bildend. Zellteilung nach einer Raumrichtung.
Genotype
differences, molecular
data:
Reproduction strategies, life cycles, cell division:
Komárek & Anagnostidis (1998):Cell division crosswise (transversely) to the long axis into two isomorphic daughter cells, which reach the original length before next division. Reproduction by liberation of solitary cells (planocytes?) from the ends of tube-like sheaths and by disintegration of a colony
Komárek (1992):Cell division always cross-wise, perpendicularly to the longer axis of cells. Multiplication through the discharge of cylindrical, feebly motile planocytes from the open ends of tubular sheaths.
Ultrastructure:
Taxonomic position, higher hierarchy: Cyanophyceae,
Chroococcales, Synechococcaceae, Synechococcoideae
Notes to taxonomy, misinterpretations:
Ecology, ecophysiology, ecological significance:
Komárek (2003):All five described species are from metaphytic and periphytic habitats in freshwater. Two species are known from thermal springs (Copeland, 1936; Fremy, 1949).
Komárek (1992):The different species occur in periphyton and metaphyton of special biotopes (thermal springs, alkalic tropical swamps). A little known genus
Physiology and biochemistry:
Distribution, endemism, problematic citations:
Reference
strain:
Infrageneric scheme, species concept:
List of species:
Bacularia caerulescens Borzi 1905
Bacularia gracilis Komárek 1995
Bacularia indurata (Copeland) Frémy 1949
Bacularia thermalis Frémy 1949
Bacularia vermicilaris (Fedorov) Komárek et Anagnostidis 1995
Keys:
List
of stains:
Application
technology:
Drawings:
click to enlarge
Komárek (1992)
Literature:

  2.1 taxonomy: Borzi 1905, Copeland 1936,Geitler 1942, Fremy 1949, Bourrelly 1970, Bourrelly 1985, Komárek 1992, Komárek & Anagnostidis 1998, Komárek 2003
  2.2
cytomorphology:
  2.3
16S rRNA sequencing:
  2.4
biology and life cycles:
  2.5
ecology: